Nuclear Sovereignty: Inside India’s Fast Breeder Milestone at Kalpakkam
India just took a massive, albeit quiet, step toward energy independence. The Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam has reached criticality, making India only the second country after Russia to operate a commercial-scale fast breeder [PIB, 2026].
For the non-physicist, "criticality" sounds like a warning, but in